No, you can convert a traditional IRA into a Roth IRA as long as your Single MAGI is less than $110,000 or joint MAGI is less than $220,000. It doesn't matter if you are retired or still working. It will be a taxable event but with the US likely moving into a rising tax environment it makes sense to take advantage of lower taxes now. In 2010 the government will get rid of the income requirement and anyone will be able to convert their trad. IRA's into Roth's. keep in mind that when you are taxed on the conversion you can choose to pay the taxes over a 2 year time period (half now, half later)

