Can a 3 wheeler engine work in a 4 wheeler?

It is very unlikely that you will find a 3 wheeler and a 4 wheeler that have the same motor, But, To answer your question, YES it can, and it would work well too.
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Here are some things to know,
You need to understand the wiring of the motor for the charging system and the ignition. They both have parts on the motor and the frame.
Also, Are they both Chain or shaft drive?
Which side of the motor?
Are the chains or shafts the same size?
Do they both have electric or pull start?
How does the shifter work? both in same position?
Can you attach the exhaust?
Do they both have reverse? Do you need reverse?
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Except the reverse thing, A regular motorcycle engine will work fine as well.
I have seen people use Horizontal shaft tiller type motors on 4 wheelers too, Just needs to be chain drive.
Good Luck.