What is the meaning of equity research?

Equity research analysts are usually employed by financial firms that have equity research departments made up of numerous analysts.

Equity research shows how much. if any, equity is present in an account, investment, property, etc.

The kind of equity is usually cash or cash value. Lets say you own a house. You only owe 200K but the house is worth 350K. The difference of 150K is called equity. Someone researching the equity value would find the 150K.