Government can not just print money, because it devalue money (inflation). [This does not stop them from keep printing more though, Remember stamp use to cost 25 cents in 80s and now they are 41 cents]
Government tax us and we give them money to use for all sort of projects and programs.
If the money collected from us is not enough government has to borrow more money
To do this they sell treasuries, bonds etc.
now a person does not have to earn money they can just inherit it. Is stealing earning ? not sure
For your last question
I guess one can always file Bankruptcy and erase the gov debt. (chapter 7 can sometimes erase IRS obligations etc.)
More likely the laws loop holes you a looking for are made for Big Corps through lobbyist and far complex tax code.


