Bullet proof vests actually have a really long history. There have been many different styles throughout the years, who have been worked on my many different individuals and corporations (such as DuPont, for instance).
Probably the earliest instance of a soft bullet proof vest was invented in Korea:
"The first soft ballistic vest, Myeonje Baegab, was invented in Joseon, Korea in the 1860s shortly after the French campaign against Korea. Heungseon Daewongun ordered development of bullet-proof armor because of increasing threats from Western armies. Kim Gi-Doo and Gang Yoon found that cotton could protect against bullets if 30 layers of cotton fabric were used. "
You can read more on this topic here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullet_proof_vest

